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This puzzle can be solved using the following concepts. Practice using these concepts and improve your skills.

Statement

 Goal

The goal is really simple. Given a number n, count how many 1s are used to write all binary integers from 0 to n (inclusive)

For example, n = 5
0....000...0
1....001...1
2....010...1
3....011...2
4....100...1
5....101...2

Total : 1+1+2+1+2 = 7
Input
Single line: An integer n
Output
Single line: Number of 1s used to write all binary integers from 0 to n (inclusive)
Constraints
n < 2^28
Result < 2^32
Example
Input
5
Output
7

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