# BrainFuck part 6 - 16-bit integers

DPAmar
3,658 views

## Be smart

The previous step demonstrated that our model works fine, but is really slow. Actually, we don't always need 16-bit integers : each operation is more expensive on such integers.

So let's reduce their usage as much as possible: and else flag does not have to be a 16-bit 4-cell-long encoded integer !!!

When we read a number (8-bit)

• First cell is the result : this will be a 16-bit integer
• Second cell is the digit read : always less than 256 (actually, between 48 and 57...)
• then we subtract 48, no need to have 16-bit again for this
• then we add 9 times first integer to second : it seems that second needs to be encoded using 4 cells then. But loop counter (9) doesn't.
• and finally we add second to first

Memory will then be

• Final result: 16-bit
• New digit: 16-bit
• Loop counter: 8-bit
• Result copy: 16-bit

One way to proceed is to use standard operation symbols when manupulating 8-bit values, and their names uppercased while manipulating 16-bit ones.

## Code

RIGHT
>>,[                   while digit is read
>++++++[-<-------->] remove 48
>+++++++++[          do 9 times
-                  Decrease counter
LEFT LEFT >>       back to result (cell C)
WHILE              while not null
MINUS            decrease current result
RIGHT PLUS       increase current digit
> RIGHT PLUS     increase result copy (and goes over counter)
LEFT < LEFT      Back to result
LOOP               loop
RIGHT > RIGHT      go to copy
WHILE
MINUS LEFT < LEFT
PLUS RIGHT > RIGHT
LOOP               move
<<<                back to counter
]
<<                   Go to "9 times result  plus current digit"
WHILE
MINUS LEFT
PLUS RIGHT
LOOP                 Store "10 times result plus current digit into first cell
,]                     read next digit


This is the "read integer" code, with some operations on 16 bits and some other on 8 bits. We just have to replace WHILE, MINUS, etc... by the overriden definitions

After that, we can still improve our code by removing things like <>, ><, +- etc... that are (automatically generated) useless instructions.

## Minified version

>>>>>>,[>++++++[-<-------->]>+++++++++[-<<<<<<<+>[<-]<[>>[-<+>]<[[->+<]<->]<<]>-[[
-]+>[<-]<[->>-<<<]>>->>>+>+[<-]<[->>+<<<]>>>>>>+>+[<-]<[->>+<<<]<<<<<<<<+>[<-]<[>>
[-<+>]<[[->+<]<->]<<]>-]>>>>>>>>>+>[<-]<[>>[-<+>]<[[->+<]<->]<<]>-[[-]+>[<-]<[->>-
<<<]>>-<<<<<<<<<<+>+[<-]<[->>+<<<]>>>>>>>>>>+>[<-]<[>>[-<+>]<[[->+<]<->]<<]>-]<<]<
<<+>[<-]<[>>[-<+>]<[[->+<]<->]<<]>-[[-]+>[<-]<[->>-<<<]>>-<<<<<+>+[<-]<[->>+<<<]>>
>>>+>[<-]<[>>[-<+>]<[[->+<]<->]<<]>-]>,]


Compared to the initial "read integer" source code where all the operations are converted into 16-bit compliant ones, this minified one is 63% smaller.

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